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Fast Response Keeps Freight Moving
Ice shelf threatened crucial shipping link
By Amy Newman
Cruz Construction pulled workers from two North Slope-area projects to repair the Dalton Highway. Crews had the highway reopened to single-lane traffic within 18 hours of noticing the erosion; repairs were completed and the highway fully reopened on July 7, a month after work began.
Cruz Construction pulled workers from two North Slope-area projects to repair the Dalton Highway. Crews had the highway reopened to single-lane traffic within 18 hours of noticing the erosion; repairs were completed and the highway fully reopened on July 7, a month after work began.
Fast Response Keeps Freight Moving
Ice shelf threatened crucial shipping link
By Amy Newman
A

s the sole means of overland transport between Fairbanks and Deadhorse, the 414-mile Dalton Highway, also known as the Haul Road, is a vital link for resource development operations on the North Slope, allowing large commercial vehicles to deliver materials, equipment, and other supplies to mining, oil and gas, and support services companies.

When on June 7 the Sagavanirktok, or Sag, River washed out a portion of the highway ten miles south of Deadhorse at Milepost 403.5, it risked disrupting not just ongoing projects beyond the washout but the businesses and services that support them as well.

A quick partnership between the State of Alaska Department of Transportation and Public Facilities, or DOT&PF, which owns and maintains the highway; Cruz Construction, an Associated General Contractors, or AGC, of Alaska member; and Alyeska Pipeline Service Company allowed the highway to remain open to single-lane traffic while repairs were happening. It was fully reopened within a month.

“I’m not aware of any businesses or services that were impacted by the temporary damage and repairs at Dalton Milepost 404,” says Michael Lund, construction engineer for the DOT&PF’s northern region. “Staff with maintenance and operations and our contractor, Cruz Construction, responded to the event quickly and saved the road and limited impacts.”

On June 6, Cruz Construction noticed that flooding from the Sagavanirktok River was eating away at the Dalton Highway at Milepost 403.5.
On June 6, Cruz Construction noticed that flooding from the Sagavanirktok River was eating away at the Dalton Highway at Milepost 403.5.
Unusually Large Ice Shelf Leads to Flooding
The Dalton Highway washout was caused by anchor ice in the western portion of the Sag River that blocked the water flowing from spring breakup, says Matt Jones, Cruz Construction’s North Slope operations manager. Melt from breakup typically flows between the ice shelf and the river’s main channel. This year’s ice, he says, was atypical.

“It was just an unusual year, with a big ice shelf out there,” Jones explains. “The water is kind of channeled through to the main channel now, but that section has ice that has remained all summer long.”

With its path between the ice and the main channel blocked, the water instead flowed around the ice shelf and pooled toward the river side of the highway, creating a huge lake, he says. It then ran alongside the highway until a slight elevation change allowed it to speed up over a portion of the tundra and eat away the side of the highway, eventually eroding it all the way to the centerline.

Jones says Cruz workers, who were working on other projects along the highway, immediately notified DOT&PF when they first noticed the erosion on June 6.

“We reached out to the state to see if they wanted help trying to save the road, and of course, they wanted some help,” he says. “We didn’t have contracts in place, we didn’t have anything in place. We just knew that the road needed to be fixed and we were willing to make that happen.”

Hauling Rock Poses Challenges
With the go-ahead from the state, Cruz Construction’s first task was to stop the flooding and mitigate additional erosion. Jones says finding the right materials to combat the amount of water flooding the highway was the biggest challenge.

“Rock up on the North Slope is very hard to find,” he explains. “You have to go clear to the mountain to find big rocks like the ones we needed to stop the flooding. So, the challenge was finding enough rock and hauling it quickly enough, because it was so far away.”

Cruz began hauling rock from its existing pit 105 miles south of the erosion site. It had as many as fifteen trucks, which it pulled from a project at Slope Mountain, hauling two loads per day. Crews from its North Slope operations worked to place the rocks and divert the water away from the highway.

“We would have lost that whole section of highway, and Deadhorse would have been cut off, if we’d gone even one day without hauling,” Jones says. “But we were barely keeping up. We would fill in a hole and then it would change the pattern of the water, and then the water would start digging into the road at a different spot. So we knew we needed to haul rock that was a lot closer to keep up with it.”

“We would have lost that whole section of highway, and Deadhorse would have been cut off, if we’d gone even one day without hauling. But we were barely keeping up. We would fill in a hole and then it would change the pattern of the water, and then the water would start digging into the road at a different spot. So we knew we needed to haul rock that was a lot closer to keep up with it.”

— Matt Jones, North Slope operations manager for Cruz Construction

Cruz employees knew that Alyeska Pipeline Service Company had piles of riprap along the highway that were closer than Cruz’s and the state’s stockpiles, Jones says, so they reached out for permission to use it to help with repairs. Alyeska Pipeline agreed—with a caveat.

“They allowed us to use their rock as long as we replaced it,” he says. “That partnership was key to fixing the road and having stockpiles of rock closer. Once we did that, we were able to keep up with erosion and keep the road.”

In early June, flooding from the Sagavanirktok River eroded the Dalton Highway at Milepost 403.5 to the center line.
In early June, flooding from the Sagavanirktok River eroded the Dalton Highway at Milepost 403.5 to the center line.
Keeping Traffic Flowing
Cruz used the riprap to shore up the highway and build a 100-foot dike to redirect and slow the flow of water. With the flooding and erosion under control, DOT&PF reopened the highway to single-lane traffic on June 8, just eighteen hours after the damage was first identified. Flaggers positioned at the work site ensured that Deadhorse remained accessible throughout the repairs.

“As traffic showed up, our people on-site would shuttle them through,” Jones says. “Even when the road was technically closed, we were still trying to get traffic through when we knew it was safe.”

General contractor Cruz Construction hauled rock from its quarry 105 miles away from the erosion site and could barely keep up with the Sagavanirktok River eroding the Dalton Highway. The company partnered with Alyeska Pipeline Service Company to use rock from Alyeska’s quarry, which was closer.
General contractor Cruz Construction hauled rock from its quarry 105 miles away from the erosion site and could barely keep up with the Sagavanirktok River eroding the Dalton Highway. The company partnered with Alyeska Pipeline Service Company to use rock from Alyeska’s quarry, which was closer.
Work was completed, and the highway reopened to two lanes on July 7. Cruz replaced the rock it had taken from Alyeska Pipeline’s supply by the end of July, Jones says. Cruz employees also hauled 3,750 cubic yards of riprap to the state’s Franklin Bluff stockpile to have in reserve for any future repairs.

Jones says though Cruz Construction was responsible for the physical work of repairing the road, it was a group effort.

“It was DOT&PF, Cruz, and Alyeska working together to save the road,” he says of the estimated $3.5 to $4 million project. “Partnering with Alyeska was key in saving the road. They had the material we needed much closer than what the state had available.”

Amy Newman is a freelance writer based in Anchorage. Photos provided by Alaska Department of Transportation & Public Facilities.